Windows Server 2016 Essentials updates fail with errors 0x80070057 and 0x80240016

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WHairston

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I've recently been given responsibility for a Windows Server 2016 Essentials in a small office that didn't previously pay attention to server management. Given the OS build number of 14393.4825, I assume this server hasn't had a successful Windows Update applied since Dec. 2021. In trying to apply Windows updates (or install newer .NET versions, etc.), we always encounter errors 0x80070057 and 0x80240016. This is not only preventing Windows Server from being updated, but also prevents some server-based applications from being upgraded to new versions. The server also runs slowly due to constantly trying to apply Windows updates, only to fail, rollback, and retry later. It appears there are some missing / corrupted files, but from my limited understanding, the original patches containing those files are no longer available for download from Microsoft.

Attaching the requested files. Would appreciate any help to get this server stable and updated - thanks in advance!
 

Attachments

Hi and welcome to Sysnative,

Upload your COMPONENTS hive.
  • Navigate to C:\Windows\System32\Config and locate the COMPONENTS file.
  • Please copy this file to your desktop.
  • Note: If you receive an error that this file is in-use, simply reboot your computer and try again.
  • Right-click on this file on your desktop and select Send To > Compressed (zipped) folder. This will create a file named COMPONENTS.ZIP on your desktop.
  • If the file is too large to upload here, upload the file to www.wetransfer.com and post the link in your next reply.
 
Hi,

Step 1. Replace Components Hive Manually

Warning: this fix is specific to the user in this thread. No one else should follow these instructions as it may cause more harm than good. If you are after assistance, please start a thread of your own.

  1. Download COMPONENTS.ZIP and save to your desktop.
  2. Right-click on it and select Extract all.... Make sure the "Show extracted files when complete" is checked and click Extract.
  3. Now we have the COMPONENTS file that we will be using to replace your current one.
  4. Navigate to C:\Windows\System32\config
  5. Right-click on the current COMPONENTS file and select rename. Rename it to COMPONENTS.bad.
    Note: If you get an error that the file is in use, reboot your computer and then try again.
  6. Take the file from the Components folder on your desktop and paste it into C:\Windows\System32\config


Step 2. Reboot the server and download
61f7aba7309a1-ComponentsScanner_Icon.png
ComponentsScanner and save it to your desktop.
  • Right-click ComponentsScanner.exe and select "Run as administrator", click Yes on the UAC (User Account Control) prompt which appears.
  • Follow the on-screen instructions.
  • Once complete, a report will be saved to your desktop called ComponentsScanner.txt.
  • Post the logfile ComponentsScanner.txt as attachment into your next reply.
 
Hi,

Please run the following DISM command and post the result. If it fails attach a new copy of the CBS log.
Code: 
DISM /online /cleanup-image /RestoreHealth
 
Rich (BB code): 
(p)    CBS Catalog Missing            Package_2175_for_KB5008207~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.1.5
(p)    CBS MUM Missing            Package_4108_for_KB4586830~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.1.4
(p)    CBS Catalog Missing            Package_4669_for_KB5003197~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.1.2
(p)    CBS Catalog Missing            Package_7480_for_KB5003197~
(p)    CBS Catalog Missing            Package_7499_for_KB5005043~31bf3856ad364e35~amd6�G��-0.0.3
(p)    CBS Catalog Missing            Package_7499_for_KB5bF5573~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.1.9
(p)    CBS Catalog Missing            Package_7501_for�r��35053~31bf3856ad364e35~amd67~~1j/1.3
(w)    CBS Package Visibility Missing            Package_7501_for�r��35053~31bf3856ad364e35~amd67~~1j/1.3
(p)    CBS Catalog Missing            Package_7554_for_KB5006669~31bf3856ad364e35~amd65~~10.0.1.4
(p)    CBS MUM Missing            Package_8524_for_KB4598243~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.1.9
(p)    CBS Catalog Missing            Package_8630_for_KB5003638~31bf3856ad364d35~amd64~~10.0.1.7
(p)    CBS Catalog Missing            Package_8659_for_KB5005563~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.1.9
(p)    CBS Catalog Missing            Package_v���eor^KB5006669~31bf3856ad364f35~!�74~~10.0.1.4
(w)    CBS Package Visibility Missing            Package_v���eor^KB5006669~31bf3856ad364f35~!�74~~10.0.1.4

I would first like to suggest to check the RAM of this server with MemTest. (It's recommended to run it for 8 passes (2 runs of 4 passes).
  1. Download Download MemTest86 Free to your desktop and extract this file.
  2. Right click imageUSB.exe and select the option "Run as Administrator".
  3. Select the USB-stick to place a checkmark.
  4. Warning! When you perform the following steps it will overwrite all your data on this USB-stick!
  5. Then click Write to copy the ISO file "memtest86-usb.iso" to the USB-stick.
  6. When you get the message: "You have chosen to write an image to the following USB-drive, click Yes.
  7. Then a final warning will appear, click Yes to create the USB-stick with the Memtest ISO file...
  8. Boot the server from this stick and run MemTest for 8 passes (2 runs of 4 passes).
 
I am really NOT being argumentative, but other than Windows Updates, there are no signs of problems with running programs on that server. That server is a 2.5 hour drive (one-way) from me in a rural manufacturing facility. I have remote access to the server, but booting from an external media and running a memory test on it is either going to require a full day's travel (which I don't think I can get approval for anytime soon) or would require locating someone on-site with sufficient technical skill to run the test (which will be extremely difficult). I did run a full Dell hardware diagnostics (including RAM) on that server a few months ago when I was on-site and there were no hardware issues found; the Windows Update issues were already present at that time.

If it matters, the corrupted text you noted from the last CBS.log exists with the same corrupted names in keys located under the server's "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\Packages" key, so it appears the reason for the corrupted text in the CBS.log file is that the text was copied from existing corrupted key names in the SOFTWARE hive. Is it possible to repair / remove those key names in the SOFTWARE hive without causing irreparable harm (i.e.: server failing to boot, etc.)? Alternatively, I have access to a few other working Windows Server 2016 servers; could it be possible to export/import the "correct" versions of those keys (assuming I can locate the correct versions)?

Another note: I located correct versions (from other Windows Server 2016 servers) of the three corrupt .CAT files listed in the ComponentsScanner.TXT file. Are those useful?
 
It's good that you have run the diagnostic software already, so we can rule-out such hardware issues. I wanted to be sure of this, because fixing a server with bad RAM will often result in new issues.

Please attach a copy of the Components Based Servicing hive to look at.

Export CBS (Component Based Servicing) hive
  • Click on the Start button and type regedit
  • When you see regedit on the list, right-click on it and select Run as administrator.
  • When regedit opens, using the left pane, navigate to the following registry key and select it by clicking on it once.
    Code: 
    HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing
  • Once selected, click File > Export....
  • Change the Save as type: to Registry Hive Files (*.*).

    622dbef75cd3a-Export-CBS-hive.png

  • Name this file ComponentBasedServicing (with no file extension) and save it to your Desktop.
  • Right-click on the saved file and choose Send > Compressed (zipped) Folder.
  • Attach the .ZIP file to your next post.
  • If the file is too large to upload here, upload the file to www.wetransfer.com and post the link in your next reply.
 
Thanks.

Follow these instructions to remove an update.
  • Open the Start menu of Windows and type the command CMD
  • When you see Command Prompt on the list, right-click on it and select Run as administrator.
  • When command prompt opens, copy and paste the following command into it, then press enter.
Code: 
wusa /uninstall /KB:5005043
  • Let me know if it says it was successful or you get the message: The update KB5005043 is not installed on this computer.
 
Please do the following first to remove the corrupted keys.

Download the
577bf0efb8088-FRST.png
Farbar Recovery Scan Tool and save it to your Desktop:

Download the 64 bit version: - Farbar Recovery Scan Tool Link

Warning: This script was written specifically for this system. Do not run this script on another system.

  • Download the attachment fixlist.txt and save it to your desktop.
  • Right-click on FRST.exe and select "Run as administrator".
  • Press the Fix button.
  • If for some reason the tool needs a restart, please make sure you let the system restart normally.
  • When finished, a log called Fixlog.txt will appear in the same directory the tool is run from.
  • Post the logfile Fixlog.txt as attachment in your next reply.
 

Attachments

Step 1. Follow these instructions to remove an update.
  • Open the Start menu of Windows and type the command CMD
  • When you see Command Prompt on the list, right-click on it and select Run as administrator.
  • When command prompt opens, copy and paste the following command into it, then press enter.
Code: 
wusa /uninstall /KB:5005043
  • Let me know if it says it was successful or if there are any errors.
  • When you get the message: The update KB5005043 is not installed on this computer, then perform step 2.


Step 2. Download the
577bf0efb8088-FRST.png
Farbar Recovery Scan Tool and save it to your Desktop:

Download the 64 bit version: - Farbar Recovery Scan Tool Link
  • Open the startmenu and type the command cmd.
  • After you find the Command Prompt, right click on it and select Run as Administrator.
  • Copy and paste the following into the Command Prompt and press enter.
Code: 
reg load HKLM\COMPONENTS C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32\CONFIG\COMPONENTS
Right-click on the file FRST64.exe and choose Run as administrator.
  • Copy and paste the following (code) into the Search box and click the Search Registry button.
Code: 
KB5005043
  • When the scan is complete, a message will display that SearchReg.txt is saved in the same folder FRST was started from.
  • Post the logfile SearchReg.txt as attachment in your next reply.
 
While trying to uninstall the update (step 1), I get the same error as before: "Installer encountered an error: 0x8007000d. The data is invalid."
 
Hi,

Please run the following DISM command again and attach a new copy of the CBS log.
Code: 
DISM /online /cleanup-image /RestoreHealth
 
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