Well, I'm mostly looking for the obvious errors in the logs, and from there, I know what I must do in order to fix them. The Windows Update Troubleshooting world is really big, so most of the time I'll encounter errors I've never seen before and I'll have to use what I know and my experience to find out what I must do to solve these errors :)
Alright, please run SFC again and provide me the CBS.txt log after the scan.