i am also curious as to what exactly do these tools do to the registry? i looked around niemiro's blog and found some useful information but not much detail, unless i missed something. ive fixed hundreds of infected computers in my day and many had issues with windows update not working but i have never had any issue such as this. i am very curious because, as i have been fixing computers for about 15 years or so, it isnt very often that i come across something new.