Hello everybody!
Seems this place is my last chance to try to cure my WS2016 installation. I literally tried everything I have googled (I mean suggestions like this one), but nothing has been solved so far.

SFC /scannow
Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
no errors have been found

CBS log file tail
I have found this topic [SOLVED] Windows update error 0x80073712 and decided to start mine in the hope someone can help.
Seems this place is my last chance to try to cure my WS2016 installation. I literally tried everything I have googled (I mean suggestions like this one), but nothing has been solved so far.

SFC /scannow
Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
no errors have been found

CBS log file tail
Code:
2024-03-11 23:50:37, Info CSI 00001918 Unable to prestage file [l:11]'GdiPlus.dll' for component [l:83ml:140]'x86_microsoft.windows.gdiplus_6595b64144ccf1df_1.0.14393.5501_none_07222ca4594f1478'.
2024-03-11 23:50:37, Info CSI 00001919 The payload directory for the candidate component ([l:83 ml:140]'x86_microsoft.windows.gdiplus_6595b64144ccf1df_1.1.14393.5501_none_f6739b88f254ee1f') does not exist
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Error CSI 0000191a@2024/3/11:20:50:44.679 (F) onecore\base\wcp\componentstore\versionedindex.cpp(3705): Store corruption detected in function ComponentStore::CRawStoreLayout::CheckFamilyIndexForDeadWinnerComponent expression: (null)
MissingWinningComponentKey on resource 'amd64_microsoft-client-li..m-service-migration_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.4169_none_0cc59ca97066c5f1'[gle=0x80004005]
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CBS.log to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240310234615.log to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240310215706.log to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240307191416.cab to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240303180507.cab to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240302191327.cab to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Info CBS Not able to add pending.xml to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Info CBS Not able to add pending.xml.bad to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Info CBS Not able to add poqexec.log to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:50:44, Info CBS Not able to add SCM.EVM to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:50:45, Error CSI 0000191b (F) STATUS_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT #6170267# from CCSDirectTransaction::OperateEnding at index 244 of 256 operations, disposition 0[gle=0xd015001a]
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Error CSI 0000191c (F) HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(14098) #6081479# from Windows::ServicingAPI::CCSITransaction::ICSITransaction2_AddComponents(Flags = 4, a = @0x1ac67de2010, mp = @0x1ac67de2810, disp = 0)[gle=0x80073712]
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS Failed to add one or more component [HRESULT = 0x80073712 - ERROR_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT]
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Error CBS Failed to complete component closure [HRESULT = 0x80073712 - ERROR_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT]
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS CommitPackagesState: Started persisting state of packages
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS CommitPackagesState: Completed persisting state of packages
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CSI 0000191d@2024/3/11:20:50:46.430 CSI Transaction @0x1ac58f27240 destroyed
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS Perf: Resolve chain complete.
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS Exec: Execution rejected because of a pending Windows Update download. Client: WindowsUpdateAgent, Session: 31093746_4040470695, Package: Package_for_RollupFix~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~14393.6709.1.6 [HRESULT = 0x80073712 - ERROR_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT]
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS Exec: Store corruption found during execution, attempting auto repair.
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS Exec: Download qualification evaluation, business scenario: Automatic Corruption Repair
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS Exec: Network Cost API is not available on this SKU, continue.
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS Exec: Network detected as Unknown, continue
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS Exec: Session processing started. Client: Auto, Session(WindowsUpdateAgent Store Corruption Detect/Repair): 31093746_4040470695
2024-03-11 23:50:46, Info CBS FLOW: Entering stage: CheckCbs
2024-03-11 23:53:22, Info CBS Repr: CBS Store check completes
2024-03-11 23:53:22, Info CSI 0000191e StoreCorruptionRepair transaction begun. WcpVersion: [l:41]'10.0.14393.6700 (rs1_release.240108-1824)'.
2024-03-11 23:53:22, Info CSI 0000191f@2024/3/11:20:53:22.583 Starting corruption detection (InnerFlags=20)
2024-03-11 23:53:22, Info CBS FLOW: Entering stage: CheckCsi
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Error CSI 00001920@2024/3/11:20:53:31.857 (F) onecore\base\wcp\componentstore\storelayout.cpp(2617): Store corruption detected in function ComponentStore::CRawStoreLayout::FetchManifestContent expression: 0
MissingFileSystemResource on resource '\winsxs\manifests\amd64_microsoft-client-li..m-service-migration_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.4169_none_0cc59ca97066c5f1.manifest'[gle=0x80004005]
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Not able to add file C:\Windows\winsxs\manifests\amd64_microsoft-client-li..m-service-migration_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.4169_none_0cc59ca97066c5f1.manifest: to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CBS.log to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240310234615.log to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240310215706.log to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240307191416.cab to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240303180507.cab to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240302191327.cab to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Not able to add pending.xml to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Not able to add pending.xml.bad to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Not able to add poqexec.log to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:31, Info CBS Not able to add SCM.EVM to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Error CSI 00001921 (F) STATUS_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT #6171950# from CCSDirect_IRtlComponentStore::EnumStoreCorruptions(...)[gle=0xd015001a]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Error CSI 00001922 (F) HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(14098) #6171949# from Windows::COM::CStorePendingStoreRepairTxn_IStorePendingStoreRepairTransaction::Detect(Flags = 20, cancelEvt = 16e4 (''), disp = 0)[gle=0x80073712]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Error CBS Rept: Failed to call CSI detect. [HRESULT = 0x80073712 - ERROR_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Failed to check CSI store. [HRESULT = 0x80073712 - ERROR_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Ensure CBS corruption flag is clear
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Ensure WCP corruption flag is clear
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS
=================================
Checking System Update Readiness.
Summary:
Operation: Detect and Repair
Operation result: 0x80073712
Last Successful Step: CBS store detection completes.
Total Detected Corruption: 0
CBS Manifest Corruption: 0
CBS Metadata Corruption: 0
CSI Manifest Corruption: 0
CSI Metadata Corruption: 0
CSI Payload Corruption: 0
Total Repaired Corruption: 0
CBS Manifest Repaired: 0
CSI Manifest Repaired: 0
CSI Payload Repaired: 0
CSI Store Metadata refreshed: False
Total Operation Time: 165 seconds.
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS CheckSur: hrStatus: 0x80073712 [ERROR_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT], download Result: 0x0 [S_OK]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Count of times corruption detected: 1
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Seconds between initial corruption detections: -1
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Seconds between corruption and repair: -1
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS SQM: Package change report datapoints not populated because SQM is not initialized or not running online.
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Failed to run Detect and repair. [HRESULT = 0x80073712 - ERROR_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Exec: Processing complete, session(Corruption Repairing): 31093746_4040470695 [HRESULT = 0x80073712 - ERROR_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Exec: Installation fails with store corruption, automatic store corruption repair is attempted, result: 0x80073712
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Error CBS Failed to process single phase execution. [HRESULT = 0x80073712 - ERROR_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS WER: Generating failure report for package: Package_for_RollupFix~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~14393.6709.1.6, status: 0x80073712, failure source: Resolve, start state: Absent, target state: Staged, client id: WindowsUpdateAgent
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Not able to query DisableWerReporting flag. Assuming not set... [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CBS.log to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240310234615.log to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240310215706.log to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240307191416.cab to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240303180507.cab to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20240302191327.cab to WER report.
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Not able to add %windir%\winsxs\poqexec.log to WER report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Not able to add %windir%\winsxs\pending.xml to WER report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Not able to add %windir%\winsxs\pending.xml.bad to WER report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Reboot mark cleared
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Winlogon: Simplifying Winlogon CreateSession notifications
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Winlogon: Deregistering for CreateSession notifications
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS FinalCommitPackagesState: Started persisting state of packages
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Reporting package change for package: Package_for_RollupFix~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~14393.6709.1.6, current: Absent, pending: Default, start: Absent, applicable: Installed, target: Staged, limit: Staged, hotpatch status: StillGoing, status: 0x80073712, failure source: Resolve, reboot required: False, client id: WindowsUpdateAgent, initiated offline: False, execution sequence: 596, first merged sequence: 596, reboot reason: REBOOT_NOT_REQUIRED, RM App session: -1, RM App name: N/A, FileName in use: N/A, release type: Security Update, release quality: final, OC operation: False, download source: 0, download time (secs): 4294967295, download status: 0x0 (S_OK), Express download: False, Download Size: 0
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS SQM: Package change report datapoints not populated because SQM is not initialized or not running online.
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Reporting package change completion for package: Package_for_RollupFix~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~14393.6709.1.6, current: Absent, original: Absent, target: Staged, status: 0x80073712, failure source: Resolve, failure details: "(null)", client id: WindowsUpdateAgent, initiated offline: False, execution sequence: 596, first merged sequence: 596, pending decision: InteractiveInstallFailed, primitive execution context: Interactive Flight: False
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Resolve time performance datapoint is invalid. [HRESULT = 0x80070490 - ERROR_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Stage time performance datapoint is invalid. [HRESULT = 0x80070490 - ERROR_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Execute time performance datapoint is invalid. [HRESULT = 0x80070490 - ERROR_NOT_FOUND]
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS SQM: Package change report datapoints not populated because SQM is not initialized or not running online.
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS FinalCommitPackagesState: Completed persisting state of packages
2024-03-11 23:53:32, Info CBS Enabling LKG boot option
2024-03-11 23:55:23, Info CBS Exec: Processing complete. Session: 31093746_4040470695, Package: Package_for_RollupFix~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~14393.6709.1.6 [HRESULT = 0x80073712 - ERROR_SXS_COMPONENT_STORE_CORRUPT]
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS Trusted Installer is shutting down because: SHUTDOWN_REASON_AUTOSTOP
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS TiWorker signaled for shutdown, going to exit.
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: ExecutionEngineFinalize
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS Ending the TiWorker main loop.
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS Starting TiWorker finalization.
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: ManifestCacheFinalize
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: ExecutionEngineFinalize
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: ComponentAnalyzerFinalize
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: PackageTrackerFinalize
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: CoreResourcesUnload
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: SessionManagerFinalize
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: CapabilityManagerFinalize
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: PublicObjectMonitorFinalize
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: Enter vCoreInitializeLock
2024-03-12 00:00:12, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: WcpUnload
2024-03-12 00:00:14, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: DrupUnload
2024-03-12 00:00:14, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: CfgMgr32Unload
2024-03-12 00:00:14, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: DpxUnload
2024-03-12 00:00:14, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: CbsEsdUnload
2024-03-12 00:00:14, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: CbsTraceInfoUninitialize
2024-03-12 00:00:14, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: CbsEventUnregister
2024-03-12 00:00:14, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: AppContainerUnload
2024-03-12 00:00:14, Info CBS CbsCoreFinalize: WdsUnload, logging from cbscore will end.
2024-03-12 00:00:14, Info CBS Ending TiWorker finalization.
2024-03-12 00:00:15, Info CBS Ending the TrustedInstaller main loop.
2024-03-12 00:00:15, Info CBS Starting TrustedInstaller finalization.
2024-03-12 00:00:15, Info CBS Winlogon: Stopping notify server
2024-03-12 00:00:15, Info CBS Winlogon: Unloading SysNotify DLL
2024-03-12 00:00:15, Info CBS Ending TrustedInstaller finalization.
I have found this topic [SOLVED] Windows update error 0x80073712 and decided to start mine in the hope someone can help.