Server 2016 Server manager and Update

[lokeded]

Issue originally was that some Active Directory users could not log in. Some could.
Rebooted Server and Server Manager won't load server list, with error:

Refresh Failed - The request to list features available on the specified server failed.
Unable to obtain the feature list.
The specified package is not valid Windows package. Error: 0x800f0805

Read that problems with updates can cause the Server Manager not to refresh like that.
Noticed in Windows Update History, many, many failed install attempts of KB4589210, that all happened on today's date.
However, Checking for updates does not show any updates available.
Attempted to manually download said update from the Microsoft Update Catalog - but for some reason can't download it (tried on another system as well).

Reset Windows Update services manually, re-registered update dll's - no luck

SFC /scannow Finds problems but can't repair them.

DISM RestoreHealth Returns Error 14: Not enough storage is available to complete this operation

SFCFix seems to stick at this stage as well, and hasn't went past also receiving the Error 14 on the DISM.

Any help would be appreciated.

CBS log too big - OneDrive Link to CBS and DISM

 

[x BlueRobot]

(p)    CSI Payload Corrupt            amd64_windows-defender-management-powershell_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.0_none_1137c685b804c9a3\MSFT_MpThreatCatalog.cdxml
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.
(p)    CSI Payload Corrupt            amd64_windows-defender-management-powershell_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.0_none_1137c685b804c9a3\Defender.psd1
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.
(p)    CSI Payload Corrupt            amd64_windows-defender-management-powershell_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.0_none_1137c685b804c9a3\MSFT_MpWDOScan.cdxml
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.
(p)    CSI Payload Corrupt            amd64_windows-defender-management-powershell_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.0_none_1137c685b804c9a3\MSFT_MpSignature.cdxml
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.
(p)    CSI Payload Corrupt            amd64_windows-defender-management-powershell_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.0_none_1137c685b804c9a3\MSFT_MpThreat.cdxml
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.
(p)    CSI Payload Corrupt            amd64_windows-defender-management-powershell_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.0_none_1137c685b804c9a3\MSFT_MpComputerStatus.cdxml
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.
(p)    CSI Payload Corrupt            amd64_windows-defender-management-powershell_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.0_none_1137c685b804c9a3\MSFT_MpScan.cdxml
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.
(p)    CSI Payload Corrupt            amd64_windows-defender-management-powershell_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.0_none_1137c685b804c9a3\MSFT_MpThreatDetection.cdxml
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.
(p)    CSI Payload Corrupt            amd64_windows-defender-management-powershell_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.14393.0_none_1137c685b804c9a3\MSFT_MpPreference.cdxml
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.

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SFCFix Script
Warning: this fix is specific to the user in this thread. No one else should follow these instructions as it may cause more harm than good. If you are after assistance, please start a thread of your own.

1. Download SFCFix.exe (by niemiro) and save this to your Desktop.
2. Download the file below, SFCFix.zip, and save this to your Desktop. Ensure that this file is named SFCFix.zip - do not rename it.
3. Save any open documents and close all open windows.
4. On your Desktop, you should see two files: SFCFix.exe and SFCFix.zip.
5. Drag the file SFCFix.zip onto the file SFCFix.exe and release it.
6. SFCFix will now process the script.
7. Upon completion, a file should be created on your Desktop: SFCFix.txt.
8. Copy (Ctrl+C) and Paste (Ctrl+V) the contents of this file into your next post for me to analyse please - put [CODE][/CODE] tags around the log to break up the text.

Afterwards, please run SFC again and then report the result. If it fails, then please upload the latest CBS log.