So it starts up with no problems whatsoever, but after some time the screen quickly gets all green colored (the main color of my desktop background) with strange stripes and then simply shuts down and the computer turns on again.
I found out that, if in the "Startup and Recovery" menu I make it not automatically restart, instead of rebooting, the screen stays on that strange green colored "image". If I change the desktop image the color also changes accordingly.