Hi cvarnom :)
My name is Aura and I'll be assisting you with your issue. Here's the two files reported as "corrupt" that DISM cannot replace.
Code:
(p) CSI Payload Corrupt amd64_microsoft-windows-u..ed-telemetry-client_31bf3856ad364e35_6.3.9600.17747_none_90df8130dac08ee0\utc.app.json
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.
(p) CSI Payload Corrupt amd64_microsoft-windows-u..ed-telemetry-client_31bf3856ad364e35_6.3.9600.17747_none_90df8130dac08ee0\telemetry.ASM-WindowsDefault.json
Repair failed: Missing replacement payload.
The thing with these two particuliar files is that they aren't really corrupt. SFC and DISM falsely report them as such because they are marked as "static" in the update they come from, which causes a false positive on them. Your system isn't failing, nor will it be affected by these two files. Microsoft supposedly fixes this in a new update, so we'll try to install it and see whether it's true or not.
Download the KB3080149 from the link below (it's a .msu file) and install it.
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=48640