Hi Matty,
As promised, I have looked at your COMPONENTS hive. It's taken absolutely ages to sift through it all, manually modifying the binary to remove all of the various bitflips and embedded nulls, but I've definitely made some progress.
The extent of the corruption is unbelievable, I've never seen anything like it before. Your registry hive has some serious problems and it brings concern to what could have caused this as it is most likely a hardware issue. How old is the computer, out of interest?
I will post a fix for you as soon as possible; that is, if it is possible to fix :)
Tom